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如何与 NW.js 一起使用

本指南介绍如何在 NW.js(以前称为 node-webkit)应用程序中使用 Socket.IO。

用法

默认情况下,NW.js 创建两个不同的 JavaScript 上下文

  • 浏览器上下文,它可以访问 Web API(每个窗口/框架一个上下文)
  • Node 上下文,它可以访问 Node.js API(在所有窗口/框架之间共享)

参考:https://docs.nw.js.cn/en/latest/For%20Users/Advanced/JavaScript%20Contexts%20in%20NW.js/

Socket.IO 客户端可以在两种上下文中创建,具体取决于您的用例。

浏览器上下文

index.html
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<body>
<p>Status: <span id="status"></span></p>
<p>Transport: <span id="transport"></span></p>

<!-- from the socket.io-client package -->
<script src="./node_modules/socket.io-client/dist/socket.io.min.js"></script>

<!-- or from a CDN -->
<!--<script src="https://cdn.socket.io/4.7.5/socket.io.js"></script>-->

<script>
const socket = io("http://localhost:3000");

const statusSpan = document.getElementById("status");
const transportSpan = document.getElementById("transport");

statusSpan.innerText = "Disconnected";
transportSpan.innerText = "N/A";

socket.on("connect", () => {
statusSpan.innerText = "Connected";
transportSpan.innerText = socket.io.engine.transport.name;
socket.io.engine.on("upgrade", (transport) => {
transportSpan.innerText = transport.name;
});
console.log(`connect ${socket.id}`);
});

socket.on("connect_error", (err) => {
console.log(`connect_error due to ${err.message}`);
});

socket.on("disconnect", (reason) => {
statusSpan.innerText = "Disconnected";
transportSpan.innerText = "N/A";
console.log(`disconnect due to ${reason}`);
});

socket.emit("hello", "world");
</script>
</body>
</html>

在这种情况下,Socket.IO 客户端将使用浏览器提供的 WebSocket 对象

优点

  • Socket.IO 连接可以在 DevTools 中调试

DevTools with NW.js

缺点

  • 当仅使用 WebSocket 时,extraHeaders 选项将被忽略
const socket = io("http://localhost:3000", {
transports: ["websocket"],
extraHeaders: {
"my-custom-header": "1234" // ignored
}
});

Node 上下文

index.html
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<body>
<p>Status: <span id="status"></span></p>
<p>Transport: <span id="transport"></span></p>

<script>
const statusSpan = document.getElementById("status");
const transportSpan = document.getElementById("transport");

const { registerListeners, emit } = require("./socket");

registerListeners({ statusSpan, transportSpan });

emit("hello", "world");
</script>
</body>
</html>
socket.js
const { io } = require("socket.io-client");

const socket = io("http://localhost:3000");

exports.registerListeners = function ({ statusSpan, transportSpan }) {
statusSpan.innerText = "Disconnected";
transportSpan.innerText = "N/A";

function onConnect() {
statusSpan.innerText = "Connected";
transportSpan.innerText = socket.io.engine.transport.name;
socket.io.engine.on("upgrade", (transport) => {
transportSpan.innerText = transport.name;
});
console.log(`connect ${socket.id}`);
}

if (socket.connected) {
onConnect();
}

socket.on("connect", onConnect);

socket.on("connect_error", (err) => {
console.log(`connect_error due to ${err.message}`);
});

socket.on("disconnect", (reason) => {
statusSpan.innerText = "Disconnected";
transportSpan.innerText = "N/A";
console.log(`disconnect due to ${reason}`);
});
}

exports.emit = function (...args) {
socket.emit(...args);
}

在这种情况下,Socket.IO 客户端将使用 ws 包提供的 WebSocket 对象。

优点

  • Socket.IO 连接将在应用程序的不同窗口之间共享

  • 客户端支持特定于 Node.js 的附加选项,例如 agentcacert

const socket = io("https://localhost:3000", {
ca: fs.readFileSync("cert.pem")
});
  • 当仅使用 WebSocket 时,extraHeaders 选项将正确发送
const socket = io("http://localhost:3000", {
transports: ["websocket"],
extraHeaders: {
"my-custom-header": "1234"
}
});

缺点

  • Socket.IO 连接无法在 DevTools 中调试(即使选择“检查后台页面”)

示例项目

https://github.com/socketio/socket.io/tree/main/examples/nwjs-example

就是这样,感谢您的阅读!

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